PAKISTAN ARMED FORCES
ISSB ACADEMIC PART 5
PAKISTAN STUDIES SPECIAL
100 SOLVED MCQS
ISSB Academic Test Quiz Part 5: 100 Solved Pakistan Studies MCQs
Comprehensive online mock practice for PMA Long Course, PN Cadet, PAF GDP / CAE, and Officer Commission initial academic exams. Featuring authentic past paper questions, constitutional evolution, defense history, geography, hydrology, and national achievements with instant green/red verification.
1
In which city did Sir Syed Ahmad Khan establish the Scientific Society in 1864 to translate scientific works into Urdu?
Explanation: Sir Syed Ahmad Khan founded the Scientific Society in 1864 at Ghazipur, which was later relocated to Aligarh in 1867.
2
Who founded the Indian National Congress in December 1885 at Bombay?
Explanation: Retired British civil servant Allan Octavian (A.O.) Hume organized the Indian National Congress in December 1885.
3
Which British Viceroy partitioned the province of Bengal in October 1905 on administrative grounds?
Explanation: Lord Curzon ordered the Partition of Bengal in October 1905, creating the Muslim-majority province of Eastern Bengal and Assam.
4
In which year was the Partition of Bengal annulled by King George V during the Delhi Durbar?
Explanation: Under intense Hindu protest and the Swadeshi movement, the British Government annulled the Partition of Bengal in December 1911.
5
Who led the 35-member historic Simla Deputation that met Viceroy Lord Minto on 1 October 1906?
Explanation: Sir Aga Khan III led the 35 prominent Muslim leaders of the Simla Deputation in 1906 demanding separate electorates.
6
In which year did the British Government appoint the all-British Simon Commission to review constitutional reforms in India?
Explanation: The Simon Commission (Indian Statutory Commission) was appointed in November 1927 under Sir John Simon and arrived in India in 1928.
7
Who authored the famous 1933 Cambridge pamphlet 'Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish for Ever?' coining the name Pakistan?
Explanation: Chaudhry Rehmat Ali coined the acronym 'PAKSTAN' representing Punjab, Afghania, Kashmir, Sindh, and Baluchistan in January 1933.
8
Which inquiry committee report published in 1938 documented the atrocities against Muslims under Congress provincial ministries?
Explanation: Raja Syed Muhammad Mehdi of Pirpur headed the inquiry committee that submitted the Pirpur Report in 1938.
9
On which date did Indian Muslims observe the 'Day of Deliverance' upon the resignation of Congress ministries?
Explanation: Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah called upon Muslims to celebrate 22 December 1939 as the Day of Deliverance from Congress rule.
10
Which prominent Muslim jurist and scholar founded the Central National Mohammedan Association in Calcutta in 1877?
Explanation: Justice Syed Ameer Ali formed the Central National Mohammedan Association in 1877 to promote Muslim political interests.
11
Who presented the historic Lahore Resolution at Minto Park on 23 March 1940 during the 27th annual session of Muslim League?
Explanation: The Premier of Bengal, Maulvi Abul Kashem Fazlul Huq (Sher-e-Bengal), moved the historic Lahore Resolution on 23 March 1940.
12
Who seconded the Lahore Resolution 1940 on behalf of the Muslims of the United Provinces (UP)?
Explanation: Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman seconded the resolution on behalf of the Muslim minority provinces, particularly UP.
13
In which month and year did British Cabinet member Sir Stafford Cripps arrive in India with constitutional proposals?
Explanation: Sir Stafford Cripps headed the Cripps Mission in March 1942 offering Dominion status after World War II.
14
In which city did the high-profile Gandhi-Jinnah Talks take place in September 1944 based on the C.R. Formula?
Explanation: The 14-day talks between Quaid-e-Azam and Gandhi took place at Jinnah's residence at Mount Pleasant Road, Bombay in September 1944.
15
How many seats reserved for Muslims in the Central Legislative Assembly did the Muslim League win in the 1945–46 elections?
Explanation: The All-India Muslim League won 100% of the Muslim seats (all 30 seats) in the Central Legislative Assembly, proving it was the sole representative of Muslims.
16
Who was the Secretary of State for India who led the 3-member British Cabinet Mission to India in March 1946?
Explanation: The Cabinet Mission (1946) was headed by Lord Pethick-Lawrence, accompanied by Sir Stafford Cripps and A.V. Alexander.
17
On which date did the Muslim League observe 'Direct Action Day' across India to protest Cabinet Mission vacillations?
Explanation: The All-India Muslim League Council observed Direct Action Day on 16 August 1946 to reject Congress hegemony.
18
When did the last British Viceroy Lord Louis Mountbatten officially broadcast the Partition Plan (3rd June Plan)?
Explanation: Lord Mountbatten announced the partition plan of British India into two independent sovereign states on 3 June 1947.
19
On which date did the British Parliament give Royal Assent to the Indian Independence Act 1947?
Explanation: The Indian Independence Act received Royal Assent on 18 July 1947, creating the two independent dominions of Pakistan and India.
20
Which British lawyer was appointed as Chairman of the Boundary Commissions for Punjab and Bengal in 1947?
Explanation: Sir Cyril Radcliffe headed both the Punjab and Bengal Boundary Commissions that delineated the Radcliffe Line.
21
Who administered the oath of office to Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah as the first Governor General of Pakistan on 15 August 1947?
Explanation: Justice Mian Abdur Rashid, the first Chief Justice of Lahore High Court (later Chief Justice of Pakistan), administered the oath to Quaid-e-Azam.
22
On which date was the Objectives Resolution moved in the Constituent Assembly by Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan?
Explanation: Liaquat Ali Khan introduced the Objectives Resolution on 7 March 1949, and it was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 12 March 1949.
23
Which Prime Minister presented the Bogra Formula in October 1953 to resolve representation deadlock between East and West Pakistan?
Explanation: Prime Minister Muhammad Ali Bogra proposed a bicameral federal legislature balancing the seats of East and West Pakistan.
24
In which year was the 'One Unit' scheme implemented, unifying all four provinces and princely states of West Pakistan into a single province?
Explanation: The One Unit scheme was enacted in October 1955 under Prime Minister Chaudhry Muhammad Ali and lasted until 1970.
25
Who was sworn in as the first President of Pakistan upon the enforcement of the 1956 Constitution on 23 March 1956?
Explanation: Major General Iskander Mirza, previously Governor General, became the first President of Pakistan under the 1956 Constitution.
26
On which date was the 1956 Constitution abrogated by President Iskander Mirza upon imposing countrywide Martial Law?
Explanation: Iskander Mirza abrogated the 1956 constitution and declared martial law on 7 October 1958, appointing General Ayub Khan as Chief Martial Law Administrator.
27
Which type of government system was established under the 1962 Constitution promulgated by President Ayub Khan?
Explanation: The 1962 Constitution provided for an executive Presidential system supported by an electoral college of 80,000 Basic Democrats.
28
Who issued the Legal Framework Order (LFO) in March 1970 dissolving the One Unit and providing guidelines for 1970 general elections?
Explanation: General Yahya Khan promulgated the LFO in March 1970, which restored the four provinces in West Pakistan.
29
On which historic date was the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (1973 Constitution) officially authenticated and enforced?
Explanation: The National Assembly passed the draft on 10 April 1973, and the 1973 Constitution came into full effect on 14 August 1973.
30
Under the 1973 Constitution, what is the minimum age required for a Pakistani citizen to become the President of Pakistan?
Explanation: Article 41 of the 1973 Constitution states that a person must be a Muslim and not less than 45 years of age to qualify as President.
31
On which date did the United Nations-sponsored ceasefire take effect following the first Indo-Pakistani Kashmir War of 1947–48?
Explanation: The UN Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP) negotiated a formal ceasefire that took effect on 1 January 1949, creating the Ceasefire Line.
32
Which sector was the center of the largest tank battle after World War II fought during the 1965 Indo-Pak War?
Explanation: The Battle of Chawinda in Sialkot sector saw Pakistani armor troops decimate Indian armored divisions in historic tank combat.
33
Where did Major Raja Aziz Bhatti Shaheed display heroic defense against advancing enemy forces before embracing martyrdom on 10 September 1965?
Explanation: Major Raja Aziz Bhatti Shaheed defended the strategic Bambanwala-Ravi-Bedian (BRB) Canal for six continuous days, earning the Nishan-e-Haider.
34
Which PAF fighter pilot created a world aviation combat record by shooting down 5 Indian Hawker Hunter aircraft in less than a minute on 7 September 1965?
Explanation: Squadron Leader M.M. Alam (Little Dragon) shot down 5 Indian fighter jets in under 60 seconds over Sargodha in his F-86 Sabre.
35
Which historic peace declaration was signed on 10 January 1966 between President Ayub Khan and Indian PM Lal Bahadur Shastri?
Explanation: Mediated by Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin, the Tashkent Declaration restored pre-war positions after the September 1965 War.
36
Which Pakistani naval submarine participated heroically in the 1965 war and was later deployed in the Bay of Bengal during the 1971 war?
Explanation: PNS Ghazi (Tench-class submarine) was Pakistan's first submarine, renowned for Operation Dwarka (1965) and 1971 operations.
37
Which Pakistani submarine successfully sank the Indian anti-submarine frigate INS Khukri off the coast of Diu on 9 December 1971?
Explanation: PNS Hangor (Daphne-class submarine), commanded by Commander Ahmad Tasnim, sank INS Khukri in 1971—the first submarine kill since WWII.
38
Who is the only recipient in Pakistan military history to be awarded both the highest gallantry award Nishan-e-Haider and Sitara-e-Jurat?
Explanation: Major Shabbir Sharif received the Sitara-e-Jurat in 1965 and the Nishan-e-Haider posthumously in the 1971 War (Sulemanki sector).
39
In which sector did Major Muhammad Akram Shaheed resist an entire Indian brigade during the famous Battle of Hilli in 1971?
Explanation: Major Muhammad Akram Shaheed of 4 FF Regiment heroically held the forward positions at Hilli for over two weeks, earning Nishan-e-Haider.
40
In which region did Captain Karnal Sher Khan Shaheed and Havildar Lalak Jan Shaheed fight valiantly to embrace martyrdom in 1999?
Explanation: Both Captain Karnal Sher Khan (27 Sindh/NLI) and Havildar Lalak Jan (NLI) defended high-altitude posts in Kargil in 1999, earning Nishan-e-Haider.
41
What is the elevation of Broad Peak (K3), the 12th highest mountain in the world located in the Karakoram range of Gilgit-Baltistan?
Explanation: Broad Peak rises to 8,051 m (26,414 ft) and is part of the Gasherbrum massif along the Baltoro Glacier.
42
Which peak, known as the 'Hidden Peak', is the 11th highest peak in the world (8,080 m) located on the Pakistan-China border?
Explanation: Gasherbrum I stands at 8,080 meters (26,509 ft) in the Karakoram range and is commonly called the Hidden Peak.
43
Which mountain peak in Nagar Valley has the world's longest unbroken slope / vertical rise from its base camp (nearly 6,000 meters)?
Explanation: Rakaposhi (7,788 m) in the Karakoram range rises steeply and uninterruptedly from the Hunza-Nagar riverbed.
44
What is the local native name of Nanga Parbat (8,126 m) in the Shina language, which translates to 'Huge Mountain'?
Explanation: Nanga Parbat is locally called 'Diamer' (Huge/King Mountain) in Shina, giving its name to the Diamer district.
45
What is the length of Batura Glacier, located in the Gojal region of Gilgit-Baltistan, making it one of the longest non-polar glaciers?
Explanation: Batura Glacier is approximately 57 km (35 miles) long, flowing eastwards in the Gojal Hunza region.
46
Which two massive Karakoram glaciers meet at 'Snow Lake' (Lukpe Lawo), forming one of the longest continuous glacial systems outside the poles?
Explanation: The Biafo Glacier (67 km) and Hispar Glacier (49 km) meet at the 5,128-meter Hispar La pass at Snow Lake.
47
In which valley did a massive landslide block the Hunza River in January 2010, creating the picturesque Attabad Lake?
Explanation: Attabad Lake was formed in January 2010 following a major landslide at Attabad village in Hunza Valley.
48
Which mountain range acts as an intermediate transition zone lying between the Hindu Kush and the Karakoram ranges in Pakistan?
Explanation: The Hindu Raj mountain range lies between the Hindu Kush and Karakoram, with its highest peak being Koyo Zom (6,872 m).
49
Deosai National Park, famous for Himalayan brown bears, sits at an average elevation of approximately how many meters above sea level?
Explanation: Deosai Plateau, known as the 'Land of Giants', has an average elevation of 4,114 meters (13,497 feet).
50
Which highest peak in the Salt Range of Punjab stands at an elevation of 1,522 meters and hosts a PAF radar base?
Explanation: Mount Sakesar (1,522 m) is the highest summit in the Salt Range, located in the Soon Valley of Khushab district.
51
Which historic mountain pass connects the Dera Ismail Khan and South Waziristan region with Afghanistan?
Explanation: The Gomal Pass runs along the Gomal River through the Sulaiman Range, historically connecting Punjab/KP with Ghazni.
52
Which strategic mountain pass connects the North Waziristan Agency of Pakistan with the Paktia province of Afghanistan?
Explanation: The Tochi Pass (Bannu Pass) connects Bannu and Miranshah in North Waziristan with Ghazni in Afghanistan.
53
Through which mountain pass in Balochistan does the railway line and national highway connect Quetta and Chaman with Kandahar?
Explanation: The Khojak Pass (7,513 ft) in the Toba Kakar range contains the historic 3.9 km Khojak Railway Tunnel connecting to Chaman.
54
Which mountain pass connects Mardan and Dargai with the scenic Swat and Dir valleys in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa?
Explanation: The Malakand Pass connects the Peshawar basin with the Swat valley, famous for the 1897 Siege of Malakand.
55
At an altitude of 3,700 meters, which mountain pass between Ghizer (GB) and Chitral hosts the world's highest annual polo festival?
Explanation: Shandur Pass connects Chitral with Gilgit and is world-famous as the 'Roof of the World' for its traditional polo matches.
56
What is the length of the Lowari Tunnel inaugurated in 2017 to provide an all-weather road link between Dir and Chitral?
Explanation: The Lowari Tunnel system spans 10.4 km (consisting of an 8.5 km main tunnel and 1.9 km secondary tunnel), bypassing the dangerous Lowari Pass.
57
On which date did Pakistan and China sign the historic Boundary Agreement peacefully demarcating their northern frontier?
Explanation: Foreign Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Chinese Premier/Foreign Minister Chen Yi signed the Sino-Pakistan border treaty in Beijing on 2 March 1963.
58
In which year was the 2,640 km Durand Line agreement signed between British diplomat Sir Mortimer Durand and Afghan Amir Abdur Rahman Khan?
Explanation: The Durand Line agreement establishing the international border was signed at Kabul on 12 November 1893.
59
Sir Creek is a 96-kilometer disputed tidal estuary located in the marshes of the Rann of Kutch between which Pakistani province and Indian state?
Explanation: Sir Creek is a navigable waterway in the Indus delta marshlands separating Sindh (Pakistan) and Gujarat (India).
60
From which country did the Government of Pakistan purchase the strategic coastal territory of Gwadar on 8 September 1958?
Explanation: Pakistan purchased Gwadar from Oman for 3 million dollars under Prime Minister Malik Feroz Khan Noon on 8 September 1958.
61
Near which Pakistani city does the Kabul River enter Pakistan before joining the Indus River at Attock?
Explanation: The Kabul River flows out of eastern Afghanistan, enters Pakistan north of Khyber Pass near Warsak, and meets the Indus at Attock.
62
Which major tributary flows through Chitral and Lower Dir before merging with the Swat River at Chakdara?
Explanation: The Panjkora River rises in the mountains of Dir and joins the Swat River near Chakdara in Malakand.
63
On which river on the provincial border of Sindh and Balochistan was the Hub Dam constructed in 1981 to supply water to Karachi and Lasbela?
Explanation: Hub Dam is a multi-purpose earth-fill dam constructed on the Hub River, covering an area of 24,300 acres.
64
Which dam constructed on the Korang River in 1962 creates the scenic reservoir supplying drinking water to Rawalpindi?
Explanation: Rawal Dam was built across the Korang River in Islamabad in 1962 with a reservoir capacity of 47,500 acre-feet.
65
On which river in Haripur district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, is the picturesque Khanpur Dam built?
Explanation: Khanpur Dam was completed in 1983 on the Haro River near Khanpur village, supplying water to Islamabad and Taxila industrial area.
66
Diamer-Bhasha Dam is a major concrete gravity dam currently under construction on the Indus River between which two administrative territories?
Explanation: Diamer-Bhasha Dam is located on the Indus River between Kohistan district (KP) and Diamer district (Gilgit-Baltistan).
67
On which river in the Mohmand District of KP is the Mohmand Dam multi-purpose hydro project being constructed?
Explanation: Mohmand Dam is an 800 MW concrete-face rock-fill dam being built on the Swat River, scheduled to control flooding and generate power.
68
Which barrage on the Indus River near Mianwali connects the Chashma-Jhelum link canal to divert water into the Jhelum River?
Explanation: Chashma Barrage was built in 1971 under the Indus Basin Project to divert Indus waters via the Chashma-Jhelum Link Canal.
69
Which barrage located in Dera Ghazi Khan district was constructed in 1958 to irrigate DG Khan and Muzaffargarh districts?
Explanation: Taunsa Barrage was completed on the Indus River in 1958, serving vital canal irrigation across southwestern Punjab.
70
The historic Triple Canal Project of the Punjab irrigation system interconnected which three major rivers between 1905 and 1915?
Explanation: The Triple Canal Project consisted of the Upper Jhelum Canal, Upper Chenab Canal, and Lower Bari Doab Canal transferring surplus water to the Ravi.
71
In which district of Balochistan is the famous Saindak Copper-Gold Project located near the border with Iran and Afghanistan?
Explanation: Saindak is located in Chagai district, Balochistan, containing significant reserves of copper, gold, and silver.
72
Which giant mining site in Chagai, Balochistan, ranks among the largest undeveloped copper and gold deposits in the entire world?
Explanation: Reko Diq holds estimated reserves of 5.9 billion tons of ore grading 0.41% copper and 41.5 million ounces of gold.
73
During whose historical military expedition was the Khewra Salt Mine (Mayo Salt Mine) in the Salt Range first discovered in 326 BCE?
Explanation: The Khewra salt deposits were discovered in 326 BCE when Alexander's horses were seen licking the rocky ground during the Battle of the Hydaspes.
74
In which district of Balochistan was Pakistan's largest natural gas reservoir discovered in 1952 by Pakistan Petroleum Limited?
Explanation: The commercial Sui Gas Field was discovered in 1952 in Dera Bugti, revolutionizing domestic and industrial energy in Pakistan.
75
What unique geographic designation is given to the Katpana Desert located at an elevation of 2,226 meters in Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan?
Explanation: The Katpana Desert is one of the highest cold deserts in the world, with sand dunes that are frequently covered in snow during winter.
76
Which natural rock formation in Hingol National Park along the Makran Coastal Highway resembles a sculpted female statue?
Explanation: Hollywood actress Angelina Jolie visited the area in 2004 and named the natural wind-carved pillar 'Princess of Hope'.
77
What is the name of Pakistan's largest uninhabited offshore island, located in the Arabian Sea approximately 39 km south of Pasni?
Explanation: Astola Island, also known as 'Jezira Haft Talar' (Island of Seven Hills), is Pakistan's first Marine Protected Area.
78
Which designated National Highway (N-10) spans 653 kilometers connecting Karachi with Gwadar along the Arabian Sea coastline?
Explanation: National Highway N-10 (Makran Coastal Highway) extends 653 km from Liari in Lasbela to Gwadar and Gabd (Pak-Iran border).
79
In which district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa are the historic Cherat cement and mining reserves located south of Nowshera?
Explanation: Cherat hill station and its limestone/cement industrial belt are situated in the Khattak range of Nowshera district.
80
Which natural freshwater lake in the Kirthar Range of Sindh/Balochistan border is known as one of the highest alpine lakes in southern Pakistan?
Explanation: Manchar Lake in Jamshoro/Dadu is Pakistan's largest natural freshwater lake, collecting water from the Kirthar streams and Indus River.
81
Which ancient archaeological site in Balochistan represents the earliest known Neolithic agricultural settlement in South Asia (dating back to 7000 BCE)?
Explanation: Mehrgarh, located on the Kachi Plain near the Bolan Pass, predates the Indus Valley Civilization by several millennia.
82
Which ancient university and Buddhist learning center in the Gandhara region was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1980?
Explanation: Taxila was a premier center of higher education and Gandharan Greco-Buddhist art from the 6th century BCE onwards.
83
In which district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is the renowned 1st-century CE Buddhist monastic complex of Takht-i-Bahi located?
Explanation: Takht-i-Bahi is an exceptionally preserved Buddhist monastery founded in the 1st century CE on a hilltop in Mardan.
84
Which massive necropolis located near Thatta, Sindh, contains over 500,000 tombs spanning four centuries and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
Explanation: Makli Hill is one of the largest funerary sites in the world, featuring exquisitely carved stone mausoleums of kings, queens, and saints.
85
Which imposing square desert fortress with 40 circular bastions stands deep in the Cholistan Desert near Ahmadpur East, Bahawalpur?
Explanation: Derawar Fort was originally built by the Hindu Rajput Bhati ruler of Jaisalmer and maintained by the Nawabs of Bahawalpur.
86
Which 700-year-old fort in Karimabad, Hunza, served as the seat of the Mirs of Hunza and won the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Award?
Explanation: Baltit Fort was founded in the 8th century CE and extensively restored with Aga Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC) support.
87
In which city did Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan build the world-renowned Persian-style Shalimar Gardens in 1641–1642 CE?
Explanation: Shalimar Gardens in Lahore is a Mughal garden complex laid out with three descending terraces and 410 fountains.
88
Which Mughal Emperor constructed the Hiran Minar complex in Sheikhupura in 1606 CE in memory of his beloved pet antelope 'Mansraj'?
Explanation: Emperor Jahangir erected the 110-foot minaret and large water tank at Jahangirpura (modern Sheikhupura) for his antelope Mansraj.
89
Who was the Turkish-Pakistani architect who designed the monumental Minar-e-Pakistan tower at Iqbal Park, Lahore?
Explanation: Nasreddin Murat-Khan, a Russian-born Turkish civil engineer who migrated to Pakistan, designed the iconic Minar-e-Pakistan.
90
In which historic city is the magnificent 14th-century octagonal mausoleum of sufi saint Hazrat Shah Rukn-e-Alam located?
Explanation: The tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam in Multan Fort, built by Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughlaq between 1320 and 1324 CE, is a masterpiece of pre-Mughal architecture.
91
What is the total membership tenure of a Senator in the Senate of Pakistan (Upper House of Parliament)?
Explanation: Under Article 59 of the Constitution, Senators are elected for a term of 6 years, with half of them retiring every 3 years.
92
Which constitutional body headed by the Prime Minister resolves water, energy, and territorial distribution disputes between Federation and Provinces?
Explanation: Article 153 of the Constitution creates the CCI, consisting of the Prime Minister and Chief Ministers of all four provinces.
93
Under the 18th Constitutional Amendment passed in April 2010, which controversial presidential discretionary power to dissolve assemblies was abolished?
Explanation: The 18th Amendment repealed Article 58(2)(b), transferring power back to Parliament and strengthening provincial autonomy.
94
In which city did Pakistan host the historic 2nd Islamic Summit Conference of the OIC in February 1974, attended by King Faisal and Yasser Arafat?
Explanation: Prime Minister Z.A. Bhutto hosted the 2nd OIC Summit at Lahore from 22–24 February 1974, bringing together leaders of the Muslim world.
95
In which year did Pakistan formally become a full member state of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)?
Explanation: Pakistan, along with India, was inducted as a full permanent member of the SCO at the Astana Summit in Kazakhstan on 9 June 2017.
96
China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) was formally launched in April 2015 as a flagship corridor under which broader Chinese global initiative?
Explanation: CPEC is the flagship project of China's multi-billion-dollar global Belt and Road Initiative (One Belt One Road).
97
What official commemorative name is given to 28 May in Pakistan to celebrate the historic nuclear tests conducted at Ras Koh Hills, Chagai in 1998?
Explanation: Pakistan carried out five underground nuclear tests at Chagai on 28 May 1998, which is commemorated annually as Youm-e-Takbeer.
98
In which city was Pakistan's first commercial nuclear power plant (KANUPP-1, 137 MW) inaugurated in November 1972 with Canadian assistance?
Explanation: Karachi Nuclear Power Plant (KANUPP-1) was commissioned at Paradise Point near Karachi in 1972.
99
Under the guidance of which Nobel Laureate physicist was Pakistan's national space agency SUPARCO established in September 1961?
Explanation: Dr. Abdus Salam advised President Ayub Khan to set up the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) on 16 September 1961.
100
Which state-owned airline was established on 11 March 1955 through the merger of Orient Airways, becoming Pakistan's national flag carrier?
Explanation: PIA was formed on 11 March 1955 when Orient Airways was nationalized and merged into the Pakistan International Airlines Corporation (PIAC).
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